Abstract
Abstract Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) comprise a group of diseases that affect not only the temporomandibular joint, but also different areas extrinsic to the joints. Quality of life has been the subject of numerous studies in the Health area, especially aimed at people with chronic diseases, such as TMD. Objective: To evaluate effects of a physical therapy protocol on the quality of life of patients with temporomandibular disorder. Methods: Blinded, prospective, clinical trial, with 60 patients of both genders, aged between 18 and 70 years with TMD diagnosis attended in the clinic of Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry. The patients were divided into two groups, with one group, in addition to dental treatment, receiving a physical therapy protocol and the other group dental treatment only, for 5 weeks. The measurement of quality of life was obtained through the generic SF-36 questionnaire, at the beginning and end of the proposed protocol. Results: The patients to whom the physical therapy protocol was applied associated with dental care presented increased scores in all the domains of the questionnaire. In the group that received only dental treatment, improvements were only found in the domain related to pain. Conclusion: The application of a physical therapy protocol was able to improve the quality of life of patients with temporomandibular disorder.
Highlights
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) comprise a group of diseases that affect the temporomandibular joint, and different areas extrinsic to the joints
The application of a physical therapy protocol was able to improve the quality of life of patients with temporomandibular disorder
The General Health Status (GHS) domain evaluates the perceptions of the individual regarding his/her health, with an increase observed in the experimental group from 56% to 72% and a decrease in the control group from 68.5% to 67%
Summary
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) comprise a group of diseases that affect the temporomandibular joint, and different areas extrinsic to the joints. Conclusion: The application of a physical therapy protocol was able to improve the quality of life of patients with temporomandibular disorder. Temporomandibular disorders, known as craniomandibular disorders, comprise a group of diseases that affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and different areas extrinsic to the joints [2]. Their etiology is multifactorial and related to emotional stress, to occlusal interferences, to tooth loss or bad position of the teeth, to postural changes, to disorder of the masticatory and adjacent muscles, to the extrinsic and intrinsic changes of the structural components of the TMJ or even to a combination all these factors [3, 4, 5]. The following can be cited as the classic symptoms of TMD: noises in the jaw joint (crackles or clicks); mandibular hypomobility, headache, pain in the TMJ, earache and/ or tinnitus, asymmetries, irregularities, limitations and/or deviations in movements of the jaw, sleep disorders and change in head position [1, 6, 7, 8, 9].
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