Effect of a low energy diet, containing a high protein, probiotic condensed yogurt, on biochemical and anthropometric measurements among women with overweight/obesity: A randomised controlled trial

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of low energy diet containing condensed processed yogurt (Kashk), as a high protein, calcium and probiotic enriched product, on glycemic control, lipid profile, anthropometric measurements and blood pressure among women with overweight/obesity. 70 women with overweight/obesity were randomly assigned to receive either a low energy diet contained 50g of Kashk (intervention group) or a low energy diet without Kashk (control group) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemical measurements were obtained before and after the intervention. Between-group comparisons showed that the intervention group significantly decreased triglycerides (P=0.013) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.049) levels relative to the control group. Significantly greater reductions in body mass index (P=0.018), fat percent (P=0.037) and waist circumference (P=0.047) were observed in the intervention group compared to control. Within-group comparisons revealed significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (P=0.035) and weight (P=0.005) in the intervention group. Long-term consumption of Kashk, as a high protein and calcium product enriched with probiotic that is accompanied by a low energy diet, might have beneficial effects on anthropometric and biochemical indices, though more cross-over and parallel blinded trials with placebo groups are needed to confirm these results. (The clinical trial registration number is IRCT2013042913163N1).