Effect of a Calcium Inhibitor, Nifedipine, on Exercise Tolerance in Patients With Angina Pectoris: A Double-blind Study

Abstract

The effect of nifedipine on exercise tolerance was studied in 30 patients with stable angina and positive graded exercise testing. Treadmill exercise testing was performed on each of five consecutive days. Placebo or nifedipine, 10 mg sublingually, was given 30 minutes before exercise on the third day. The following day the intervention was reversed in a double-blind manner. Angina was abolished by nifedipine but not by placebo in 12 patients (40 percent). The time to onset of angina in the remaining patients increased from 4.1 +/- 0.4 (SEM) to 6.7 +/- 0.6 min (p less than .001). Time to ST depression greater than or equal to 2 mm increased from 4.0 +/- 0.3 to 5.4 +/- 0.5 min, while duration of exercise increased from 6.3 +/- 0.3 to 8.2 +/- 0.4 min (p less than .001). The maximum heart rate was 145 +/- 3.3 with nifedipine and 122 +/- 3.8 min-1 with placebo (p less than .01). Resting systolic blood pressure decreased 30 min after nifedipine administration from 131 +/- 3.4 to 106 +/- 2.9 mm Hg (p less than .01). Maximal systolic blood pressure during exercise was lower with nifedipine (127 +/- 4.8 mm Hg) than with placebo (155 +/- 5.6 mm Hg, p less than .01). We conclude that nifedipine significantly improves the exercise tolerance of patients with stable angina pectoris by decreasing peripheral vascular resistance and myocardial oxygen demand.