Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of a bioactive glass ceramic for the control of erosion and caries lesions. Fragments (n=10) of bovine enamel and root dentin received daily application of different treatments (Biosilicate; Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride- APF; Untreated - control) during the performance of erosive cycles. Surfaces were analyzed with 3D optical profilometry to quantify the superficial loss in four periods (1, 7, 14 and 21 days), as well as the lesion depth with confocal laser scanning microscopy. For caries progression assessment, initial Knoop microhardness was measured on enamel bovine fragments. Initial carious lesions were developed and specimens were divided into three groups (n=10), according to the daily topical application (Biosilicate; APF; no application - control), during the de-remineralization cycles for 14 days. Final microhardness was obtained to calculate the change of surface microhardness. Subsurface demineralization was analyzed using cross-sectional microhardness (depths 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110 and 220 µm). Data were tested using ANOVA and Tukey's test (a=5%). Results of erosive evaluation showed that Biosilicate promoted the lowest (p<0.05) values of surface loss, regardless of time, for both enamel and dentin; APF promoted lower (p<0.05) surface loss than control; analyzing different periods of time, APF did not show difference (p>0.05) between 14 and 21 days of demineralization. Results of enamel caries assessment showed that Biosilicate resulted in higher (p<0.05) surface and subsurface microhardness than both APF and control-applications. It may be concluded that Biosilicate application showed a higher potential to reduce surface loss and development of erosion and caries lesions.
Highlights
The decline in tooth loss coupled with the increase in longevity and the changes in dietary habits of the general population has led to a higher prevalence and severity of non-carious lesions, such as erosion [1,2]
Surface Loss Assessment - Erosion Surface loss values according to evaluation periods, for enamel and dentin, are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Analysis (CLSM) Analysis - Erosion The values of erosion lesion depth according to evaluation periods, for enamel and dentin, are demonstrated in Tables 3 and 4, respectively
Summary
The decline in tooth loss coupled with the increase in longevity and the changes in dietary habits of the general population has led to a higher prevalence and severity of non-carious lesions, such as erosion [1,2]. The contact of tooth surfaces with non-bacterial acids results in an irreversible tissue loss due to a chemical process [3]. Such pathology can be caused by intrinsic agents, such as recurrent vomiting or acid reflux, or by extrinsic agents, such as the ingestion of acidic foods, medications or drinks [4]. One of the major disadvantages of this technique is the limited efficacy of fluoride in preventing mineral loss due to erosion, because the calcium fluoride layer formed during topical application is likely to be gradually dissolved by most acidic drinks [9,10]
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