Abstract
Background: Insulin resistance induced by genetic and metabolic disorders is the main cause of the prevalence or severity of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) plays a key role in regulating glucose homeostasis as a negative regulator of insulin signaling pathway. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of interval training on PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle and insulin resistance in male rats with T2D. Methods: T2D was induced by high fat diet (HFD) and intraperitoneal injection of STZ in 14 male Wistar rats and then they were divided randomly into exercise (n=7) or control (n=7) groups. Exercise rats completed an 8 weeks interval training (5 days/week) and control rats remained without training. Fasting glucose, serum insulin, and PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle were measured 48 hours after the last exercise session. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) formula based on fasting insulin and glucose levels. An independent t test was used to compare each parameter between 2 groups. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Interval training resulted in a significant decrease in fasting glucose level (P<0.0001) and insulin resistance (P=0.018) as well as an increase in serum insulin level (P<0.0001). PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle decreased significantly compared with control rats (P=0.003) Conclusion: Interval training can improve insulin resistance in T2D rats. This improvement may be attributed to the decrease in PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle by interval training.
Highlights
Insulin resistance induced by genetic and metabolic disorders is the main cause of the prevalence or severity of type 2 diabetes (T2D)
Interval training resulted in a significant decrease in body weight of exercise rats compared to control rats
Significant differences were observed between 2 groups with regard to glucose, serum insulin and insulin resistance (Table 4)
Summary
Insulin resistance induced by genetic and metabolic disorders is the main cause of the prevalence or severity of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of interval training on PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle and insulin resistance in male rats with T2D. PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle decreased significantly compared with control rats (P = 0.003) Conclusion: Interval training can improve insulin resistance in T2D rats. Several genetic factors that are of particular importance in the prevalence or increased severity of type 1 and 2 diabetes have been recognized Impairments in their expression or polymorphisms have contributed to the prevalence or severity of diabetes because of the damage to the insulin secretion or damage to the release of some insulin stimuli and mechanisms responsible for insulin function at the target cell surface [3]. PTP1B interacts with insulin receptors and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and leads to the impairment of glucose uptake by affecting insulin signaling pathways [4]
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