Abstract
Previous studies have shown that work stressors and social support influence job strain. However, few studies have examined the impact of individual differences on job strain. In Xinjiang, there are a large number of petroleum workers in arid deserts. The present study investigated the effects of work stressors, social support, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (5-HTR2A) genotype on the etiology of job strain among petroleum workers in Xinjiang. A cross-sectional study was carried out between January and August 2013. A total of 700 workers were selected by a three-stage stratified sampling method. 5-HTR2A genotypes were determined with the SNaPshot single nucleotide polymorphism assay. Work stressors and job strain were evaluated with the Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised questionnaire. Social support was assessed with the Chinese Social Support Rating Scale. Work overload and responsibility were significantly associated with job strain. Low social support was associated with severe vocational and interpersonal strain. High social support was a protective factor against job strain (odds ratio (OR) = 0.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.14–0.76). The CC genotype of rs6313 and the AA genotype of rs2070040 were linked to severe vocational strain. Ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that the CC genotype of rs6313 was linked to higher risk of job strain than the TT genotype (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.10–3.23). These data provide evidence that work stressors, low social support, and 5-HTR2A gene polymorphism contributes to the risk of job strain.
Highlights
Investigating job-related strain involves studying the relationship between stressful aspects of jobs and the results of exposure to the stressor
This study investigated the relationship between 5-HTR2A gene polymorphisms, work stressors, social support, and job strain among Chinese workers
The Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Questionnaire, Chinese Social Support Rating Scale, and SNaPshot single nucleotide polymorphism assay were used to evaluate the relationship between work stressors, social support, and 5-HT2A receptor polymorphisms on job strain in petroleum workers in arid deserts
Summary
Investigating job-related strain involves studying the relationship between stressful aspects of jobs (i.e., stressor) and the results of exposure to the stressor (i.e., strain). Within this framework, the job strain model [1] proposes that workers exposed to a combination of high job demands and low decision latitude have an increased risk of job strain, which is associated with cardiovascular diseases [2], type 2 diabetes [3], and depression [4]. One study of healthy workers found that workload was considered a job stressor, reflecting the demands placed upon an employee in their job that cause psychological and behavioral strain [8]. Karasek and Theorell [9]
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