Abstract
This study was therefore aimed to determine the effect of different concentration of estrogen hormone, 17β-estradiol (E 2 ) on feminization for the production of all female, growth rate and survival rate of Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei ) postlarvae (PL). L. vannamei PL 1 were stocked randomly at a density of 10 ind.L -1 into a 10 L of seawater for each experimental flask with three replicates each. PL 1 was immersed in seawater containing 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg.L -1 estrogen hormone, E 2 for 4 hours. The experiment was continued for 30 days for larval rearing. At the termination of experiment, the specimens in each treatment groups were weighed and measured individually for their wet body weight (BW) and total length (TL) for the mean weight gain, length gain, and the specific growth rate (SGR) estimation. The mean sex ratio values of male to female postlarvae obtained from control till the highest E 2 hormone concentration of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg.L -1 were 1:1, 1:2, 1:9 and 0:1 respectively. The weight gain and length gain were 40605% and 606% for control, 46310% and 647% for 0.5 mg.L -1 concentration, 49310% and 663% for 1.0 mg.L -1 concentration and 45048% and 628% for 1.5 mg.L -1 . The mean SGR BW and SGR TL for control till the highest E 2 hormone concentration of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg.L -1 were 20.00 and 6.51, 20.46 and 6.70, 20.67 and 6.77 and 20.37 and 6.62 respectively. The mean survival rate for E 2 hormone concentration of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg.L -1 were 52.67%, 54.33%, 54.67% and 52.33% respectively. The study shows that while the concentration of E 2 hormone increased, the female sex ratio of L. vannamei PL also increased but the growth rate and survival rate decreased at concentration of 1.5 mg.L -1 . Thus the optimum concentration of this hormone usage was 1.0 mg.L -1 immersed for 4 hours. Keywords: 17β-estradiol, feminization, growth rate, Litopenaeus vannamei , postlarvae, survival rate.
Highlights
In Indonesia, as in many countries, aquaculture plays an important role in increasing seafood production
In 2006, 88% of penaeid shrimp came from Asia, with the top five producers such as China, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia and India are accounting for 81% of world production [3]
MATERIALS AND METHODS Sea Water Supply and Water Treatment. This experiment was conducted at National Broodstock Center for Shrimp and Mollusc Karangasem, Bali, Indonesia, where the Pacific white shrimp (L. vannamei) postlarvae obtained
Summary
In Indonesia, as in many countries, aquaculture plays an important role in increasing seafood production. Penaeid shrimp is one of the fastest growing aquaculture production sectors [1]. The Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) production has rapidly increased in Asia [2]. In 2006, 88% of penaeid shrimp came from Asia, with the top five producers such as China, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia and India are accounting for 81% of world production [3]. An efficient biotechnology for producing all female penaeid shrimp populations is required especially in Indonesia, in which shrimp farming economically constitute an important source of income [4]. Due to the economic importance of penaeid shrimp worldwide, especially in aquaculture base production, great efforts had been developed for suitable and useful techniques. The requirement of market demand for shrimps in more uniform sizes, the monosex culture of female penaeid shrimps could be a strategy to produce larger shrimp is become necessary [6]
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