Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the 0.15% sodium hyaluronate (SH) and of 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) on tear film breakup time (TFBUT) in 10 healthy dogs and in 32 eyes of dogs with keratoconjunctivis sicca (KCS). In addition, the goblet cell density (GCD) of this population was quantified. TFBUT was assessed at baseline and at different time points following the instillation of SH and CMC. KCS was graded as mild, moderate, and severe. GCD were quantified from conjunctival biopsies. The number of GCD differed significantly between patients with mild and moderate KCS (P<0.01). TFBUT of healthy dogs increased only for 1 minute after treatment with SH (P<0.01). Regarding baseline and treatments, SH significantly increased TFBUT for up to 30 minutes on the ocular surface, in comparison to CMC, in all categories of KCS (P<0.01). TFBUT and GCD correlated positively when the healthy and diseased eyes were grouped (r=0.41, P=0.006). It can be concluded that in dogs with KCS, SH lasts longer periods on the ocular surface than CMC, but such agents does not increase TFBUT in healthy dogs. Additionally, tear film stability tends to reduce in a linear fashion from the mild to severe form of KCS.
Highlights
In dogs, tear film abnormalities most commonly arose from the decrease in its aqueous component and are known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS)
Comparisons between CMC and sodium hyaluronate (SH) showed that the tear film breakup time (TFBUT) increased significantly by 3.8 seconds (P
The study performed in healthy dogs has been conducted in a controlled environment, it is assumed that changes in the TFBUT values reported the literature may be related to differences with regard to temperature and humidity (Moore et al, 1987; Saito e Kotani, 2001; Arnold et al, 2014; Kobashigawa et al, 2015)
Summary
Tear film abnormalities most commonly arose from the decrease in its aqueous component and are known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). Other causes include drug toxicity (sulfonamides, etodolac, and atropine), anesthetic agents, neurogenic, iatrogenic (excision of nictitans gland), endocrine disorders, irradiation, infectious lacrimal adenitis (distemper and leishmaniasis), chronic blepharoconjunctivitis, and congenital hypoplasia (Giuliano, 2013; Ribeiro, 2015). In dogs, this can occur as a qualitative. For the management of these diseases, lacrimomimetics are recommended until lacrimostimulants, such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus are able to rise STT values above 15mm/min. (Giuliano, 2013; Ribeiro, 2015)
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