Abstract
One of the recent organic waste management programs actively developed is organic waste bioconversion by using larvae of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus)). However, one major challenge in organic waste management in Indonesia is the limited space to manage the wastes at waste collection centers. This condition increases the number of wastes to be converted (consumed) by larvae of soldier fly. In this study, the condition was imitated in the laboratory where larvae were individually fed with a large number of wastes. Larvae were divided into 4 groups and were fed with 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg/larva/day of rotten vegetable waste (Pakcoy) and were replicated 3 times. Variables observed during the study were the growth rate, consumption capability, level of waste reduction (waste reduction index, WRI), consumption efficiency (efficiency of conversion of digested-feed, ECD), the weight of harvested biomass, and protein content of larvae, pupae, and adults. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between the weight of harvested biomass and the amount of substrate provided to larvae (one-way ANOVA, P > 0.05). The increasing amount of substrate reduced the efficiency of waste reduction and consumption (one-way ANOVA, P < 0.05). This study also showed that the possible upper limit of consumption capability of larvae was 400 mg/larva/day. On the other hand, the increasing amount of substrate increased the protein content of biomass of each developmental stage.
Highlights
Budi daya sayuran merupakan salah satu bentuk sistem pertanian yang umum dilakukan di Indonesia dengan total produksi pada tahun 2001 mencapai 9 juta ton dengan laju pertumbuhan produksi rata-rata 8% per tahun
One major challenge in organic waste management in Indonesia is the limited space to manage the wastes at waste collection centers
This condition increases the number of wastes to be converted by larvae of soldier fly
Summary
Larva dipelihara pada media ini selama lima hari sebelum diberikan perlakuan pakan berupa limbah sayuran. Sayuran yang telah dicuci selanjutnya dicacah kasar sehingga berukuran rata-rata 1 cm, kemudian diberikan langsung kepada larva yang ditempatkan pada wadah pemeliharaan. Desain pemberian pakan Perlakuan dalam percobaan ini adalah variasi laju pemberian pakan, yaitu 200, 300, 400, dan 500 mg/larva/hari. Jumlah larva yang digunakan pada setiap perlakuan adalah 200 individu yang dipelihara dalam wadah plastik berukuran diameter 14 cm dan tinggi 12 cm yang dilapisi dengan plastik hitam, yang diberikan lubang berdiameter 2–3 mm untuk menghindari gangguan cahaya. Jumlah pakan yang diberikan pada setiap perlakuan adalah hasil perkalian dari laju pemberian pakan, jumlah larva per perlakuan, dan waktu pengamatan (dalam hal ini adalah selama 3 hari). Sisa larva dikembalikan pada wadah pemeliharaan dan diberikan pakan berdasarkan jumlah larva yang tersisa. Pertumbuhan larva Tingkat pertumbuhan larva dihitung dengan menghitung nilai specific growth rate (SGR) berdasarkan persamaan:
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