Abstract
CONTEXTO: A angiogênese terapêutica é uma modalidade de tratamento para pacientes com insuficiência arterial crônica que não têm indicação para revascularização direta ou angioplastia e que não tiveram uma resposta satisfatória ao tratamento clínico. Entre as drogas utilizadas para essa finalidade está a prostaglandina E1 (PGE1). OBJETIVO: Estudar os aspectos morfológicos na gênese de capilares sanguíneos em músculo esquelético do membro caudal de ratos submetidos à isquemia sob a ação da PGE1, administrada por via intramuscular (IM) ou endovenosa (EV). MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados 48 ratos, linhagem Wistar-UEM, distribuídos aleatoriamente em três grupos de 16, redistribuídos igualmente em dois subgrupos, observados no 7º e 14º dias, sendo um grupo controle onde apenas foi provocada a isquemia no membro, outro com a isquemia e a injeção da PGE1 via IM e outro com a isquemia e a injeção da PGE1 EV. Para análise dos resultados, foram realizadas a coloração com hematoxilina e eosina (HE) e coloração imuno-histoquímica. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se um aumento estatisticamente significativo no número de capilares nos subgrupos com o uso da PGE1 IM e EV, através da contagem nos cortes corados com HE. A imunomarcação não foi eficiente para a quantificação dos capilares. CONCLUSÕES: A PGE1, administrada por via IM ou EV, promoveu, após 14 dias de observação, um aumento no número de capilares no músculo esquelético de ratos submetido à isquemia, identificáveis histologicamente com a coloração em HE. A imunocoloração não permitiu estabelecer uma correlação com o aumento de vasos encontrados na coloração com HE.
Highlights
It is a complex process, with many stages and with the participation of several growth factors.[1,7,10]. It distinguishes itself from vasculogenesis, which is the formation of vessels based on progenitor cells, and from arteriogenesis, which is the development of collateral circulation based on arterioles
This study aimed at investigating the activity of Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), using intramuscular (IM) or endovenous (EV) administration, on the genesis of blood capillaries in rat ischemic skeletal muscle
Therapeutic angiogenesis is a new approach for the treatment of chronic ischemic vascular diseases, which can be used for a growing number of patients who have no indication for revascularization
Summary
Many patients with chronic peripheral arterial disease with impairment of the primitive arterial bed do not have a satisfactory response to pharmacological clinical treatment and usually do not have clinical and surgical conditions for the operative alternative of direct revascularization or angioplasty.[1,2] Treatment under these conditions is usually palliative and with limited outcomes, and may result in limb gangrene.[3,4,5] In those cases, a therapeutic option would be artificial stimulation of vascular neoformation by the organism itself, i.e. angiogenesis, to compensate impaired vascular territory.[3,6,7,8]Angiogenesis is a term that designates the stages through which new blood vessels are developed based on a preexisting endothelial structure, such as the case of vessel formation in adults, in response to tissue demands.[3,6,9,10] It is a complex process, with many stages and with the participation of several growth factors.[1,7,10] It distinguishes itself from vasculogenesis, which is the formation of vessels based on progenitor cells, and from arteriogenesis, which is the development of collateral circulation based on arterioles. Objective: To study morphologic aspects in the genesis of blood capillaries in the lower limb skeletal muscle of rats submitted to ischemia under the action of intramuscular (IM) or endovenous (EV) PGE1. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in the number of capillaries in the subgroups using IM or EV PGE1, through counting in the samples containing HE staining. Conclusions: IM or EV PGE1 resulted in an increase in number of capillaries in the skeletal muscle of rats submitted to ischemia after 14 days of observation, which was histologically identifiable through HE staining. Immunostaining was not successful in establishing a correlation with the increase in vessels found in HE staining
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