Abstract

Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar diferentes níveis de suplementação em caprinos, sob pastejo de aveia preta, e sua influência na resistência do solo à penetração e no rendimento de grãos de milho, cultivado em sucessão com crescentes doses de N em cobertura. No inverno os tratamentos se constituíram do uso de suplemento alimentar correspondente a 0, 5, 10 e 15 g kg-1 do peso vivo de fêmeas de caprinos da raça Boer, com 10 meses de idade, em pastejo de aveia preta cv. IAPAR 61 e um tratamento sem pastejo. No verão as parcelas foram subdivididas e aplicadas doses crescentes de N em cobertura na cultura do milho (0, 50, 100 e 150 kg ha-1 de N na forma de ureia). No inverno foram avaliados: altura de dossel, massa de forragem e produção da forragem; carga e ganho de peso animal; e resistência do solo à penetração. No verão foram avaliados os componentes de rendimento do milho. Maiores níveis de suplementação, no inverno, aumenta a capacidade suporte da área de pastagem, o que eleva a intensidade de pisoteio e, consequentemente, a resistência do solo à penetração na camada superficial, sem afetar, no entanto, o rendimento de grãos de milho cultivado em sucessão. O pastejo no inverno, quando realizado respeitando a altura da forragem e adubação, reduz a necessidade de N em cobertura no verão para a obtenção do mesmo rendimento de grãos de milho de áreas sem pastejo no inverno.

Highlights

  • The establishment of winter forages with high dry matter production is important for the integration of the crop and livestock system (CLS) used in the Southern Brazil

  • With suitable sward and stocking rate, grazing can improve the yield of the subsequent crops through better soil structure, promoted by pasture root system and higher nutrient cycling, due to the deposition of animal dung and urine and residual forage on the soil surface (SILVA et al 2014), which reduces the dependence on fertilizer input use and lowers costs (LOPES et al 2009)

  • Grazing trampling may have a negative effect on soil physical properties (FIDALSKI et al 2008), which affects the movement of water, air and nutrients along the soil profile, resulting in increased resistance to penetration (SECCO et al 2009), affecting crop yield grown in succession

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Summary

INTRODUCTION

The establishment of winter forages with high dry matter production is important for the integration of the crop and livestock system (CLS) used in the Southern Brazil. During this period, the availability of summer pastures is reduced, few alternative crops are economically viable, and straw production for notillage system is needed. Considering the potential impacts of the animal to the system and the importance of N for pasture and yield of crops, this study evaluated the effects of increasing levels of supplementation on weight gain of goats grazing oat, the effect of trampling on soil penetration resistance and on corn yield grown in succession, with increasing levels of N top dressing

MATERIAL AND METHODS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Evaluation
CONCLUSION
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