Abstract
This study sought to support the mapping of occupied areas on the margin of rivers through the use of geoprocessing imaging technologies combined with the application of indices that measure the effects of the anthropic transformations in the environment, in order to verify the environmental degradation. The Anthropic Transformation Index is demonstrably efficient for space-time analyses on river basins and at environmental protection areas. In order to develop a data base to support public policies related to the preservation of the Una River Basin, this article presents the effects of the anthropic actions in the years 1962 to 2014, in the registry district of Taubaté, in the Vale do Paraíba Metropolitan Region. In order to collect data using photos and aerial images of the territory, geo-referencing and vectorization were performed by the QGIS program, which enabled quantification of the occupation and land use. Five occupational categories types had been identified in the area: watercourses, riparian forest, field or pasture, denser forest and urbanization. Afterwards, the ITA was applied and the index 5.5 was obtained, which indicates a degraded area, based on the percentage of land use and occupation. It was concluded that the greatest change occurred in a 52-year time span, in the landscape of registry district, where a marked anthropic pressure was observed.it is the significant anthropic pressure, close to the watercourses, towards the Una River Basin, in the city of Taubaté, in the state of São Paulo.
Highlights
This study sought to support the mapping of occupied areas on the margin of rivers through the use of geoprocessing imaging technologies combined with the application of indices that measure the effects of the anthropic transformations in the environment, in order to verify the environmental degradation
The Anthropic Transformation Index is demonstrably efficient for space-time analyses on river basins and at environmental protection areas
In order to develop a data base to support public policies related to the preservation of the Una River Basin, this article presents the effects of the anthropic actions in the years 1962 to 2014, in the registry
Summary
O município de Taubaté, cidade média para os padrões brasileiros, localizada na região metropolitana do vale do Paraíba, no estado de São Paulo passa um processo de rurbanização (Mateus, 2011), significando que os bairros rurais ao longo dos anos vem se transformando em áreas com identidade urbana, mas em detrimento da qualidade ambiental. O crescimento de Registro na área de influência da bacia hidrográfica, apresenta uma autonomia funcional consistente em ter certa paisagem urbana, conteúdo social e uma função transitória de serviços agrícolas e de turismo, que acabam por determinar seus limites físicos junto à rodovia Oswaldo Cruz -SP125 e a calha do rio Una. A rodovia SP125 passou a ser um eixo de integração: do espaço urbano da cidade de Taubaté, da antiga área rural do bairro de Registro e a via de acesso ao litoral norte do estado de São Paulo (Bezerra, 2011). Na elaboração das normas do planejamento da região metropolitana do vale do Paraíba, SP, Brasil
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