Efectos del manejo del viñedo sobre la biodiversidad de artrópodos epiedáficos en Andalucía oriental (España)

Abstract

Miguel-Aristu, J., Avivar-Lozano, L., Giraldez-Sanchex, V., Pastor-Sepulveda, O., Perez-Guerrero, S. 2019. Effects of vineyard management on soil-dweling arthropods biodiversity in the Eastern Andalusia (Spain). Ecosistemas 28(3):115-125. Doi.: 10.7818/ECOS.1793 Over the last decades, expansion and intensification of agriculture have prompted a loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services in agrosecoystems. In order to mitigate these effects, organic farming is one of the main agri-environment schemes proposed for biodiversity conservation and sustainability. In the present work, richness and abundance of surface-active arthropods in matching pair of organic and conventional vineyards from the Western Andalusia were compared. Pitfall traps were used to sample arthropods and morphoespecies were assigned to functional groups. A total of 22 110 arthropods were sampled from 24 orders and 97 families. Overall arthropods richness and abundance were significantly highest in organic vineyards with respect to conventional ones. In addition, morphoespecies richness was also highest in organic vineyards for all functional groups considered and different trophic levels (predators, omnivores, saprophages, phytophages and mycophages). The same trend was found for abundance of predators, phytophages and mycophages, while no significant differences in abundance were found for omnivores and saprophages. In general, results showed no differences in distribution of morphospecies richness and abundance from the interior to the edge of the vineyards. Finally, there were no significant differences in morphoespecies richness and abundance of functional groups considered from the interior to the edge of the vineyards except for abundance of predators with more individuals captured in traps placed at 25 m than traps placed at 5 m and 15 m. Results obtained here highlight the ability of organic vineyards to sustain more morphospecies and individuals of important guild of arthropods than conventional vineyards in the Southern Iberian Peninsula, which has important implications for the functionality and biodiversity conservation in one of the most important agroecosystem in the Southern Europe.