Efecto metabólico del ejercicio físico regular en la población sana

Abstract

AimTo assess the effect of moderate regular aerobic physical activity not associated to body weight changes on insulin resistance and the associated metabolic changes in general population. Sujects and methodsA cross-sectional, observational study in an adult population (n=101 sujects aged 30-70 years) with no personal history of disease and with stable weight in the three months prior to the study. The group with regular exercise performed 30-60minutes of moderate regular physical exercise 5 days per week (7.5-15hours MET per week), while a control group performed no regular physical excersice and had a sedentary lifestyle. Subjects were age- and sex-matched. Lipids, lipoproteins, and HOMA index were measured using standard methods. ResultsThe group with regular physical activity consisted of 48 subjects (21 male/27 female), while the group with no regular physical activity included 53 subjects (31 male/22 female). No significant differences were found between the groups in age, sex, BMI, waist circunference, and blood presure. Significant differences were found between the groups in fasting serum triglyceride, HDL-C, and apoB levels. Fasting plasma insulin levels (12.1±4.13 vs 14.9±4.8mU/L, P= .004) and HOMA index (2.8±1.1 vs 3.5±4.1, P= .001) were significantly lower in the group with regular physical activity as compared to the sedentary group. Prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome were 20.7% and 45.8% (P=.01) in the regular physical activity and sedentary groups respectively. ConclusionModerate regular physical activity is associated to higher insulin sensitivity, an improved lipid profile, and a decrease in components of metabolic syndrome with no change in weight or BMI.