Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have captivated substantial attention from both industrial and academic research in the last few years. The major factor behind the research efforts in that field is their vast range of applications which include surveillance systems, military operations, health care, environment event monitoring, and human safety. However, sensor nodes are low potential and energy constrained devices; therefore, energy‐efficient routing protocol is the foremost concern. In this paper, an energy‐efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor networks is proposed. Our protocol consists of a routing algorithm for the transmission of data, cluster head selection algorithm, and a scheme for the formation of clusters. On the basis of energy analysis of the existing routing protocols, a multistage data transmission mechanism is proposed. An efficient cluster head selection algorithm is adopted and unnecessary frequency of reclustering is exterminated. Static clustering is used for efficient selection of cluster heads. The performance and energy efficiency of our proposed routing protocol are assessed by the comparison of the existing routing protocols on a simulation platform. On the basis of simulation results, it is observed that our proposed routing protocol (EE‐MRP) has performed well in terms of overall network lifetime, throughput, and energy efficiency.
Highlights
Wireless sensor network is comprised of a large number of tiny and small sensor nodes which are distributed over the physical environment to monitor security events, temperature, humidity, capture images, pressure, and so on [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
The simulation of our proposed routing protocol is done in comparison with Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) [1] and MODLEACH [21], for the adherence of alive sensor nodes per round, dead sensor nodes per round, throughput, and overall network lifetime
It is shown that Efficient Multistage Routing Protocol (EE-MRP) has comparatively more stability period than LEACH and MODLEACH
Summary
Wireless sensor network is comprised of a large number of tiny and small sensor nodes which are distributed over the physical environment to monitor security events, temperature, humidity, capture images, pressure, and so on [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. Sensor nodes have limited energy capabilities and have individual resources (such as CPU and memory). These nodes are randomly located in the dynamically varying environment [9]. The life of the sensor node depends on the energy (battery) of the node, on which the lifespan of the network is dependent. The main problem faced in WSN is that the energy of sensor nodes dropped quickly and become lifeless [10]. In order to extend and maximize the lifetime of sensor nodes, designing energy-efficient algorithms is necessary [1, 11,12,13]. In order to increase the lifetime of WSN, it is needed to manage resources carefully
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