Abstract
For the first time the dynamic repertoires and oscillatory types of local EEG states in 13 diverse conditions (examined over 9 studies) that covered healthy-normal, altered and pathological brain states were quantified within the same methodological and conceptual framework. EEG oscillatory states were assessed by the probability-classification analysis of short-term EEG spectral patterns. The results demonstrated that brain activity consists of a limited repertoire of local EEG states in any of the examined conditions. The size of the state repertoires was associated with changes in cognition and vigilance or neuropsychopathologic conditions. Additionally universal, optional and unique EEG states across 13 diverse conditions were observed. It was demonstrated also that EEG oscillations which constituted EEG states were characteristic for different groups of conditions in accordance to oscillations’ functional significance. The results suggested that (a) there is a limit in the number of local states available to the cortex and many ways in which these local states can rearrange themselves and still produce the same global state and (b) EEG individuality is determined by varying proportions of universal, optional and unique oscillatory states. The results enriched our understanding about dynamic microstructure of EEG-signal.
Highlights
Electroencephalogram (EEG) still remains one of the main methods in clinical and cognitive neuroscience
The dynamics of brain activity within a given macrostate can be considered as a sequence of relatively stable brain microstates of different types which are reflected in the EEG as piecewise stationary segments [21,22,23]
We performed an aggregated analysis of dynamic repertoires of EEG oscillatory states in 13 conditions, covering healthy-normal, altered and pathological brain states. Aggregated analysis of these previously conducted experimental EEG studies was performed within the same methodological and conceptual framework – the probabilityclassification analysis of short-term EEG spectral patterns. This methodological approach enables us to reveal peculiarities and generalities of EEG oscillatory states across a multitude of different conditions and tasks which cannot be seen within any one study
Summary
Electroencephalogram (EEG) still remains one of the main methods (another one is fMRI) in clinical and cognitive neuroscience. Many different EEG microstates correspond to any one particular macrostate In such a way, the dynamics of brain activity within a given macrostate can be considered as a sequence of relatively stable brain microstates of different types which are reflected in the EEG as piecewise stationary segments [21,22,23]. Cortical activity is characterised simultaneously by local (specialized) and global (integrative) states at each moment in time [4,8,19,26,27,28,29,30]. Each EEG oscillatory state (either local or global) is characterized by multiple EEG oscillations where different oscillations are mixed in different proportions depending on the level of vigilance, perceptual, cognitive and mental operations. For justification for the usage of local short-term SPs for characterisation of local EEG oscillatory states see Appendix S1 (Supporting information)
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