EEG emotion recognition based on enhanced SPD matrix and manifold dimensionality reduction

Abstract

Recently, Riemannian geometry-based pattern recognition has been widely employed to brain computer interface (BCI) researches, providing new idea for emotion recognition based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Although the symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrix manifold constructed from the traditional covariance matrix contains large amount of spatial information, these methods do not perform well to classify and recognize emotions, and the high dimensionality problem still unsolved. Therefore, this paper proposes a new strategy for EEG emotion recognition utilizing Riemannian geometry with the aim of achieving better classification performance. The emotional EEG signals of 32 healthy subjects were from an open-source dataset (DEAP). The wavelet packets were first applied to extract the time-frequency features of the EEG signals, and then the features were used to construct the enhanced SPD matrix. A supervised dimensionality reduction algorithm was then designed on the Riemannian manifold to reduce the high dimensionality of the SPD matrices, gather samples of the same labels together, and separate samples of different labels as much as possible. Finally, the samples were mapped to the tangent space, and the K-nearest neighbors (KNN), Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) method were employed for classification. The proposed method achieved an average accuracy of 91.86%, 91.84% on the valence and arousal recognition tasks. Furthermore, we also obtained the superior accuracy of 86.71% on the four-class recognition task, demonstrated the superiority over state-of-the-art emotion recognition methods.