Abstract
The article attempts to synthetically present the thought of John Amos Comenius, as a precursor of preschool pedagogy. An attempt has been made to determine what makes his thought still current in theory and pedagogical practice in kindergarten. These findings make it possible to compare what we know and what we are guided by at present. The analysis of Comenius’ whole life is a combination of the value of the work itself, the format of research, organizational and journalistic activities, and the features of the times in which we live today.
Highlights
In Europe, the idea of education is attributed to John Amos Comenius
In the Introduction to the French edition of The Great Didactic [La Grande Didactique] by Jean-Benoît Piobetta (1952, p. 26) there was presented Comenius’ idea of creating categories of schools in a specific order, rules for arranging the learning content, and formulating guidelines on how to conduct the process of education at schools – taking into account the age and initial knowledge of students, which, according to Jean Piaget (1996, p. 442), is to prove that Comenius is deeply acquainted with psychology
In the final part of the core curriculum (“Conditions and Ways of Implementation”), we find a suggestion that, due to the functioning of a modern child in a dynamic, rapidly changing environment, the kindergarten should become a place where the child will receive help in its understanding
Summary
In Europe, the idea of education ( in the field of science) is attributed to John Amos Comenius. 26) there was presented Comenius’ idea of creating categories of schools in a specific order, rules for arranging the learning content (in a spiral), and formulating guidelines on how to conduct the process of education at schools – taking into account the age and initial knowledge of students, which, according to Jean Piaget In Informatotium scholae maternae [Information of Maternity School] (Banszel 1931; Komenský 2017), resulting from the modification of Paradisus Bohemiae [Bohemian Paradise] (a wider publication to the Informatorium), he provided guidelines for parents’ behavior towards young children He recommended that the learning content assigned to a given area should be implemented as a whole. The process of getting to know things was organized by Comenius thanks to establishing a list of various concepts that he considered understandable and accessible to a young child “By participating in the scientific experience of the world, a child undertakes independent cognitive activity (...) and expresses his/her understanding of the world, phenomena, and all the surroundings with the help of non-verbal messages (...) and spoken language, as well as experimenting and distinguishing between the elements of the world of fiction and the reality” (Regulation of the Minister... 2017, pp. 4–7)
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