Abstract

Introduction We begin by domesticating scaffolding within the context of our discourse. Here is a process of enabling students to accomplish what is normally beyond their abilities. Scaffolding means providing help so students can succeed with a task that otherwise would be impossible. This is supporting students before, during and after they read. Here is a variety of literacy-related instructional strategies that assist content-area learning. The provided instructional strategies are designed for use by all content area teachers, as well as English language arts teachers, remedial reading and language arts teachers, literacy specialists and literacy coaches. They are designed for implementation by those teaching Basic 9 and above level of learners up to the Post Graduate stage. The instructional strategies presented are not reliant on extra texts, supplies or funding. . Variety is key. The instructional strategies are grouped by support for: comprehension, vocabulary, fluency and spelling. The provided instructional strategies should be used with diverse fictional and nonfiction texts; should be used before, during and after reading; should be used as preand post-assessments, and should be used with students independently, in pairs, in small groups and as a whole class

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