Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective to compare the skill of informal caregivers to care for dependent people undergoing educational planning discharge intervention with and without follow-up at home. Method this is a quasi-experimental, randomized, simple pilot study, with pre and post-test, not blind, however, with blind assessment of the outcomes, with two follow-up interventions. It was carried out between October 2019 and January 2020 in Maringá, Brazil, with 21 informal caregivers of dependent people, randomized to Intervention Group I and Intervention Group II. Group I underwent an educational intervention consisting of guidance and training during the hospitalization period, with follow-up after hospital discharge by nurses at home, and participants in Group II received only guidance at the hospital. To assess the difference in the level of skill, the COPER 14 instrument was used, applied at times 0, week 1 and week 4, submitting the results to analysis of variance. Results group I had more than twice as much (mean score=8.94) of skill as Group II (mean score=3.90), with a significant increase in practically all the variables analyzed. A significant increase in the score ranks was detected between the variables cognitive and behavioral skill (1.19 - 3.00, p=0.001), psychomotor (1.13 - 3.00, p=0.001) and relational (1.75 - 2.75, p=0.037) in Group I. Conclusion the educational intervention given to the Intervention Group I (IG-I) was effective in increasing the skill of informal caregivers of dependent people. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-5rzmzf.
Highlights
Upon taking responsibility for caring for a dependent family member, subjects will undergo a process of transition to the role of caregiver[1]
With regard to sociodemographic variables, no statistically significant differences were observed between groups Intervention Group I (IG-I) and Intervention Group II (IG-II)
The time as an informal caregiver ranged from one month to 23 years, with the majority of participants, eight (62%) in IG-I and six (75%) in IG-II, performing the activity for less than a year and only four had previous experience in caring for someone with dependence
Summary
Upon taking responsibility for caring for a dependent family member, subjects will undergo a process of transition to the role of caregiver[1]. It is known that the immediate phase after hospitalization, which occurs until the fourth week, consists of one of the most critical and distressing moments for caregivers and sick people, due to changes in daily life resulting from the care and instability of dependent people’s clinical condition, exposing them to greater vulnerability[4]. It is precisely during this period that it is necessary to develop tools that help caregivers to go through the transition in a healthy way, which are developed through information and training provided by health professionals[5]
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