Educational and professional characteristics of persons who commit criminal offenses through fraud: a criminal analysis

Abstract

The aim of the work is forensic analysis of educational and professional characteristics of persons who commit criminal offenses by fraud.
 The methodological basis of the study scientific works of criminologists who studied the problems of the identity of the criminal, materials for the study of criminal proceedings regarding fraud, analysis of questionnaires of employees who investigated criminal offenses committed by fraud.
 It has been established that the growth of crime, which changes in accordance with socio-economic changes in the state, prompts the search for new forms and methods of crime investigation. One of these directions is the creation of a forensic classification of persons in such a way that, using information about their typical characteristics, it would be possible to solve the general tasks of detecting and investigating criminal offenses.
 It is emphasized that for the characterization of a person who commits criminal offenses by fraud, physiological signs do not play a special role, since the commission of such illegal acts does not involve physical force and intimidation, but intelligence, psychological abilities, educational and professional knowledge and skills, etc. At the same time, the criminal-legal aspects of fraudsters should not be ignored, since it is the presence of guilt, motive and direction of intent, etc. that determine the criminality of a person’s actions and contribute to exposing the culprit. After all, when analyzing the features of the forensic characteristics of a fraudster, it is necessary to note a number of circumstances that motivate his behavior.
 The educational and professional characteristics of persons who commit criminal offenses by fraud are considered, depending on the sphere in which fraudulent actions are applied.
 Conclusions. It has been established that there are many ways of using deception. Instead, the choice of a certain method of committing fraudulent actions depends on a number of subjective and objective factors, among which the possession of skills and knowledge in a certain field by the subjects related to such illegal actions, as well as the level of their education and intellectual development. This is due to the need to use complex mental operations, intelligence and psychological influence to mislead the victim.