Education in the management of low back pain. Literature review and recall of key recommendations for practice

Abstract

IntroductionTherapeutic patient education (TPE) is a continuous medical care process whose role in lower back pain (LBP) has yet to be well defined. ObjectiveTo evaluate the role and impact of TPE in the medical and surgical management of LBP. MethodA non-systematic literature review. ResultsFew formal TPE programmes have been rigorously evaluated in the context of LBP. In most cases, TPE tools have been combined with other interventional measures that vary according to the conceptual models used – thus limiting the extent to which the effect of TPE alone can be judged. Information that complies with the guidelines modifies knowledge and inappropriate beliefs. Whether formalized or not, TPE appears to modify (i) the physical disability and pain related to LBP and (ii) the patient's choice of therapy (e.g. surgery). The impact appears to be more marked in the (sub)acute phases. DiscussionNational and international guidelines suggest that TPE based on a biopsychosocial model has a positive impact on the patients’ behaviour and treatment compliance. The cost/benefit ratio appears to be favourable. ConclusionTherapeutic patient education appears to reduce the negative consequences of fear-avoidance behaviour and thus promotes treatment compliance in LBP patients, from the acute phase onwards.