EDUCATION IN ISLAMIC MAGHREB DURING THE MIDDLE AGE BETWEEN IBN SAHNOUN AND IBN KHALDOUN

Abstract

In the middle century the Islamic Maghreb witnessed great civilization and cultural development especially education, for this reason "EL KOTTAB" was the most important institution in where the child receive the principle of Science especially "EL QURAN" and "EL HADITH" and some literature, Arithmetic and Grammar. so, the child when he finished this stage by memorizing the Quran. His level immediately rise by going to the Mosque education stage. In other hand the public and private schools are also spread and these led to the spreading of knowledge and the graduation of elite scholars such as: Imams, Jurists, Teachers, Judges, Philosophers and Linguists. These scholars had great reputation in the East and the West of the earth. To study education in the Islamic Maghreb we return back to two important sources: The first, was the book of Mohamed Ibn Sahnoun titled under"KITEB ADDEB EL MOALIMINE" in the third century of El Hidjra in which he spoke about the situation of education throw the first, the second and the third century of El Hidjra. it means the time when he lived. Moreover he talk also in his book about teacher and learner etiquette and conditions , punishment and rewards, education and learning times. To summary, the book of Ibn Sahnoun was as education constitution in that century. The second, was the big Maghreb Historian "Ibn Khaldoun" who was the best one in the eight and nine century.Ibn Khaldoun, had a an opinion on the state of education in the Islamic Maghreb. To conclude, in this research we are going to stand on similarities and differences between the two scholars in their education theories in Islamic Maghreb throw the middle age