Abstract
Education is an important instrument of change; though the process is usually very slow - very different from revolution - and its broad impact cannot easily and clearly observed. Good and balanced education will expectedly have a good impact on society, economy and politics; while, bad policy and culture of education will accordingly have the opposite effect. This article analyses the change in religious education in the Abbasid realm in the 11th and 12th centuries and its relation with the socio-political change in the region. This study finds that those changes were approximately concurrent and suggests mutual influence between them. For deeper analysis, this study uses the concept of education proposed by Syed Muhammad Naquib (SMN) al-Attas.
Highlights
Education is very important in the process of character building though people may differ regarding the methods in which education is carried out.1 Education, in a sense, is an instrument used by the society to maintain its values and to prepare its young generation for the future.2 This is generally true for any society at any given time, today as well as in the past
The territories covered by this study were those that belonged to the Abbasids and in several places in this article put as the Abbasid realm
Political change in the context of this study focuses on the centre and Western Abbasid realm, especially al-Shām (Greater Syria)
Summary
Education is very important in the process of character building though people may differ regarding the methods in which education is carried out. Education, in a sense, is an instrument used by the society to maintain its values and to prepare its young generation for the future. This is generally true for any society at any given time, today as well as in the past. The territories covered by this study were those that belonged to the Abbasids and in several places in this article put as the Abbasid realm These territories had changed several times during the period of study, especially in its Western sphere, which more or less represents the political ups and downs in that realm. The changes discussed by this study consist of three aspects: political, social, educational To make it easier, the first two are generally combined into socio-political. 1111) is not the first or the only Sufi and cannot represent the whole variety of Sufis He lived in the period of study, his important role in Sufism cannot be denied and several aspects of his thought are very helpful in explaining the phenomenon under study. This article wants to examine whether the above mentioned educational transformation happened in chorus, at least roughly, with the socio-political changes in the Abbasid realm and whether there was correlation between them? This paper will try to answer this question, especially using the concept of education of Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
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