Abstract
The protective barriers of the central nervous system, positioned at interfaces between the brain, spinal cord and the periphery, are often considered as gatekeepers—restricting entry of unwanted molecules and ensuring an effective maintenance of the delicate microenvironment of the central nervous system. While there is truth in this depiction, it does not fully capture the highly dynamic nature of these brain barrier systems; the specific regulation of transporters, the signaling between endothelial cells and other components of the neurovascular unit; or the precise regulation of cerebrospinal fluid composition via the choroid plexus, that changes appropriately both during development and throughout aging.
Highlights
Specialty section: This article was submitted to Neurogenomics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience
The study of development and non-mammalian species shows the similarities of many brain barrier mechanisms as well some diversity
The polarization of cells at brain barriers is key for regulation of transport, such has been clearly indicated for influx (Saunders et al.) and efflux transporters (Strazielle and Ghersi-Egea)
Summary
Specialty section: This article was submitted to Neurogenomics, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. In this Frontiers Topic on Ontogeny and phylogeny of brain barrier mechanisms, we celebrate the advances made in understanding the normal structure and function of these mechanisms in a diverse range of organisms.
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