Abstract
A visibly complete transurethral resection (TUR) of non–muscle-invasive bladder tumors is essential to achieve local control and optimize response to intravesical therapy. To remove bladder tumors, they must first be seen. And once detected, how does one verify all tumors have been completely resected? Cystoscopy and TUR are usually performed using white light imaging (WLI). WLI may not reveal every papillary tumor or mucosa involved with carcinoma in situ, leading to incomplete resection and treatment failures. As an adjunct to WLI, cystoscopy enhancement technologies have now entered clinical practice. One of these is narrow band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy. NBI filters white light into 2 narrow bands that enhances contrast between normal mucosa and mucosal vascular tumors (Ref#15 article).
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