Abstract
The same group of researchers previously reported that pulse modulation increases ablation 28% compared to single pulse mode when the same total energy is delivered to Begostone phantoms.1 In this current study, they test the hypothesis that pulse modulation increases ablation efficiency in calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) stones. They use a 120 W Ho:YAG laser with 4 distinct pulse modes (single short pulse SP, single long pulse LP, or pulse modulation of 2 pulses optimized for contact MC or optimized for distance MD).
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