Abstract
The paper presents a review of the architecture and structures of river deposits in valleys. A new terminology for some features is included in this review. It presents principles of the fluvial systems with morphological river terraces and fluments (new term for terrace bodies), different stages of the morphological terraces, the texture—the arrangement—of fluments in the form of terrace flights, terrace stacks and terrace rows, and the (inner) structure of a single flument. The contact between the valley fill and the bedrock is named by the new term “pelma”. Special topics deal with flument overlaps and insight into the deepest valley fill down to the bedrock. A comparison with other terms of the fluvial inventory is annexed.
Highlights
This paper highlights frequent as well as rare situations derived from constructing terrace flights, terrace rows and flument stacks
As the focus in this text is given to the architecture of the elements of the valley, only sometimes their genesis, e.g., [23,24,25,26,27], and age determination, e.g., [28,29], are mentioned marginally
The edifice of fluvial deposits exhibits a large variety of forms and textures, in addition to a large variety of preservation conditions
Summary
This paper highlights frequent as well as rare situations derived from constructing terrace flights, terrace rows and flument stacks. Stacks and rows are well known and described in detail, e.g., [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20] In supplement to these papers, the following explanations separate morphological river terraces and fluments as terrace bodies, highlight texture (arrangement) of terrace flights, terrace stacks and terrace rows, and highlight problems of flument overlap and of the study of the deepest valley fill down to the bedrock. It emphasizes the (inner) structure of the fluments as tools for recognizing single flument portions. In the later part of the paper, selected examples besides the general explanations relate to the Upper Main region in south-eastern Germany (Figure 1)
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