Edge Detection and Level Set Active Contour Model for the Segmentation of Cavity Present in Dental X-Ray Images

Abstract

ABSTRACT In the field of medical science, one of the oldest and frequently used techniques, for detecting fractures/defects in human bones is X-Ray. This is worth to do research on segmentation of X-Ray images and inventing the new techniques for the same. In this paper we used X-Ray Dental Images and Segmentation is done using Level Set Active Contour. Keywords Edge detection, image segmentation, digital dental (dd) x-ray image, level set active contour (lsac). 1. INTRODUCTION Medical imaging system has been widely used in various medical applications like orthopedic, ultra sound and many more. Medical imaging is a process used to capture the images of human body, for clinical purposes like diagnosis, anatomy, physiology etc. In its broadest sense; medical imaging can also be said as biological imaging. A number of imaging technologies such as X-ray radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, medical ultra-sonography(generally called as ultrasound), endoscopy, elastography, tactile imaging, thermography etc. that are used to detect the bone structures, organs, DNA structures, blood cells and tissues etc. Apart from imaging, other techniques for measuring and recording purpose such as electrocardiography, electroencephalography, magneto encephalography, records the data in the form of graphs or maps that contain information about measurement locations. These measuring techniques may not be designed to produce images but can be considered as forms of medical imaging. Clinical imaging is generally equated to radiology which uses invisible light spectrum such as gamma rays (used in positron emission tomography), X-rays (used in orthopedics to detect bone structures), ultraviolet rays (used in lasers, photo chemotherapy and phototherapy for the treatment of cancer). Various researches have been done to identify the cavities present in the image and following terms are widely used for that purpose: