Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction interpretation of landscape pattern changes based on Land use changes in Tokyo and Shanghai

Abstract

Urbanization is progressing in Asia, and floods are occurring frequently even in large cities. In the extreme climate of recent years, there is concern that traditional disaster prevention methods (concrete disaster prevention equipment, such as dams) alone have a limitation. The purpose clarifies changes in landscape patterns at the urbanization stage in large Asian cities (Tokyo and Shanghai) from the perspective of Eco-DRR. Using Arc GIS pro, disaster data and population density were analyzed, representative research sites were selected. Based on the land cover data created by Arc GIS pro, a landscape ecology index such as SHDI was analyzed using Fragstats in the landscape pattern analysis. Land use in Tokyo during the 1986 sub-urbanization stage and the 2006 re-urbanization stage decreased by 83.8% for agricultural land and the water decreased to 45.1%. Land use in Shanghai during the 1987 the early development period and in 2010 the rapid development period decreased by 22.6% for agricultural land and increased by 144.4% for building land. Another building land increased by 297.5%. In the landscape pattern results at each stage of Tokyo, the SHDI (diversity) of the landscape decreased compared to the re-urbanization and suburbanization of Tokyo. The degree of connection of each landscape type in Tokyo was increasing. Tokyo’s the same type of landscape patch has become more single and has a higher CONTAG. Compared to the early urbanization and rapid development of Shanghai, the SHDI (diversity) of the landscape has increased. The connections of each landscape type in Shanghai were decreasing. Similar landscape typographic patches in Shanghai have become more separate.