Abstract
For analysis and evaluation of potential of agroecosystem (arable land and grassland) services (provisioning, regulating and cultural) in Slovakia we have created a mapping unit combining these input layers: slope topography, soil texture and landuse in four climatic regions. Evaluated potential of agroecosystem services was categorised into five categories (very low, low, medium, high and very high). Our results show that climate has the most significant impact on agroecosystem services. Warm, dry lowland region has a higher potential of provisioning services, regulation of water regime, filtration of pollutants and control of soil erosion in comparison to moderately warm and cold regions. In moderate cold region, more than 90% of the total area of arable land has low potential of water regime regulation and cleaning potential (immobilization of risk elements). In the moderate warm climatic region, there is a high share of categories of low and moderate potential of provisioning services and low and moderate potential of water regime regulation. Majority of the total area of warm climatic region belongs to the categories of moderate to high potential of provisioning services and high potential of regulation of water regime. In this climatic zone low potential categories of risk elements immobilization are present in more than 65% of the arable land total area. On the other hand, in very warm climatic zone, more than 89% of the total area of arable land belongs to the category with a very high cleaning (buffering) potential. Potential of natural conditions for recreation is higher only in moderate cold and moderate warm climatic zones with a higher proportion of area of grassland agroecosystems and protected areas NATURA 2000. Moreover, the methodology developed in this paper is replicable and could be applied by planners in the case that they are proficient in geographical information systems.
Highlights
Ecosystem services are inherently defined mutual interaction between ecological and social systems because only those ecosystem processes that contribute to the fulfillment of human needs, are defined as ecosystem services [1] [2] [3] [4]
Majority of the total area of warm climatic region belongs to the categories of moderate to high potential of provisioning services and high potential of regulation of water regime
Evaluation of agroecosystem services linked to spatial visualization allows to optimize the management of agroecosystems, thereby to promote synergies between ecosystem functioning and the social dynamics of respective region
Summary
Ecosystem services are inherently defined mutual interaction between ecological and social systems because only those ecosystem processes that contribute to the fulfillment of human needs, are defined as ecosystem services [1] [2] [3] [4]. Agroecosystem services are the multiple goods and services provided to humanity by nature in combination with additional anthropogenic inputs in agricultural systems [2]. Concept of agroecosystem service combines environmental and socio-economic approach to the analysis and evaluation of natural capital. For practical use as well as legislative use of the concept of agroecosystem services in planning and prospective studies, qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation of agroecosystem linked to spatial visualization at the required level are essential [7]. The concept of agroecosystem services receives increasing attention in recent years with an emphasis on national assessment. Following this trend, an integrated evaluation and mapping of agroecosystem services was carried out in the Slovak Republic [8]
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