Abstract
Maranta sobolifera (Caetê) has tolerance to chemical management and has spread consistently on the agricultural areas of the western region of Paraná over the years. However, there is little information about its potential to interfere with the main agricultural crops. This study aimed to estimate the economic weed threshold (EWT) of M. sobolifera plants in commercial areas of production of off-season corn. There were losses in grain yield of up to 303.7 kg plant-1 of M. sobolifera. Considering an acceptable loss in grain yield of 614.05 kg ha-1, EWT estimates varied from 2.0 to 41.2 plants m-2 of M. sobolifera. In practice, these data can be used in no-till areas, where complementary control is necessary at the crop post-emergence (V4-V6), after desiccation of the area, to maintain weed density at tolerable levels until the end of the cycle. In addition, factors such as the use of less competitive hybrids, obtaining the maximum productive potential of the crop, increasing the value of the harvested product and the efficiency of chemical management (desiccation) and a reduction in the cost of control contribute to the reduction of the EWT and make the adoption of management practices of M. sobolifera more profitable in off-season corn.
Highlights
Resumo – A Maranta sobolifera (Caeté) apresenta tolerância ao manejo químico e sua disseminação nas áreas agrícolas da região oeste paranaense vem aumentado a cada ano
To calculate the Economic Weed Threshold (EWT), we considered a control cost (CC) of R$ 257.90 ha-1: glyphosate+carfentrazone (1440+30 g ha-1) + R$ 30.00 ha-1 as application cost (R$ 115.57 ha-1), and post-emergence management (V4-V6 growth stage): glyphosate+atrazine (1080+2000 g ha-1) + R$ 30.00 ha-1 as application cost (R$ 142.33 ha-1)
The increased density of M. sobolifera plants increased the dry matter per square meter linearly (Figure 2), except in the data shown for Marechal Cândido Rondon (Figure 2A), which exhibited a sigmoidal behavior
Summary
Resumo – A Maranta sobolifera (Caeté) apresenta tolerância ao manejo químico e sua disseminação nas áreas agrícolas da região oeste paranaense vem aumentado a cada ano. Fatores como o uso de híbridos menos competitivos, obtenção do potencial máximo produtivo da cultura, aumento no valor do produto colhido e da eficiência do manejo químico (dessecação) e a diminuição do custo de controle contribuem para a redução do NDE, e tornam mais rentável a adoção de práticas de manejo de M. sobolifera no milho safrinha. Weed interference during the development of corn plants represents a major limiting factor in achieving high yield levels and ensuring farm profitability. Corn losses can be as high as 65% due to competition with weed plants (Gantoli et al, 2013). Andersson) is a weed plant known to be of difficult control (Brighenti et al, 2006), and in the croplands in western Paraná, the occurrence of this species have increased considerably (Salvalaggio et al, 2017). The hypothesis of this work is based on the fact that M. sobolifera plants can cause significant losses in off-season corn grain yields and that determining EWT can help farmers decide on the most profitable management strategies (Vidal et al 2010; Kalsing & Vidal, 2010)
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