Abstract
Food security is a key issue worldwide and must be considered in both spatial and temporal contexts. Securing the availability of food somewhere in a country does not ensure food security in other areas. Similarly, securing food available today does not guarantee its availability tomorrow. Therefore, parameters such as rapid population growth, urbanization, changing consumption patterns, and globalization, as well as climate change and depletion of natural resources, must be kept in mind while planning the issue of food security. In this regard, Enset, which is a large perennial herbaceous crop native to Ethiopia, is highly stapled to approximately 20 million people in the southern, eastern, and central parts of Ethiopia. It is a common practice in the agricultural system of these areas, making these areas Enset belt regions of the country. On the other hand, the remaining parts of the country often do not practice such farming systems despite the fact that there are good opportunities to do so. One way of expanding the experience of Enset culture is through promoting its food system and multiple-use dynamics. Hence, decision-makers and policy designers in the area of agriculture would consider intensifying Enset to its nonbelt areas, to transform agricultural and food systems to end hunger, achieve food security, and improve nutrition.
Highlights
Food security and nutritional status are among the main challenges countries face
It can qualify to be a target crop to achieve the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end hunger, achieve food security, and improve nutrition, in countries such as Ethiopia, where it is more at risk of famine due to unpredictable factors, population growth, unfavorable weather conditions, and unstructured food systems
1985 was remembered as being the bad year in Ethiopia, where there was a prevalent famine in most parts of the country. e only nations who were resilient to that hunger incidence were the Enset people. is indicates that the crop is a true crop to resist food insecurity
Summary
One in three people worldwide sustains at least one type of malnutrition. Fast climatic, demographic, and nutritional changes have caused living situations and consumption habits, leading to the coexistence of overnutrition and undernutrition [1]. Indigenous knowledge exchange on agronomic practice and feeding culture on historical food crops within Ethiopian people is becoming an approach to determine domestic solutions to the existing famine and food shortage in the country. In this sense, Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.)) Cheesman) is a crop that tolerates prolonged periods of drought, floods, and many diseases. It can qualify to be a target crop to achieve the UN SDGs to end hunger, achieve food security, and improve nutrition, in countries such as Ethiopia, where it is more at risk of famine due to unpredictable factors, population growth, unfavorable weather conditions, and unstructured food systems. More than 90 journal articles, books, proceedings, thesis works, and agency reports related to the topic were browsed, and approximately 64 materials were prioritized specific to the topic to be used for this review work
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