Abstract
Abstract In order to hasten the implementation of optimal, cost-effective, and sustainable treatment trains for resource recovery, a nutrient recovery model (NRM) library has been developed and validated at steady state. The reported research aims to use the NRM library to establish the operational settings of a sustainable and cost-effective treatment scenario with maximal resource recovery and minimal energy and chemical requirements. Under the optimized conditions and assumptions made, potential financial benefits for a large-scale anaerobic digestion and nutrient recovery project were estimated at 2.8-6.5 USD m-3 manure based on net variable cost calculations, or an average of ± 2 USD m-3 y-1, equivalent with 40 USD t-1 total solids y-1, over 20 years in the best case when also taking into account capital costs. Hence, it is likely that in practice a full-scale ZeroCostWRRF (water resource recovery facility at zero cost) can be constructed.
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