Abstract
Green revolution almost spent its resources, and scientists haven’t found the way for the quick increase of potential capabilities of newly bred sorts of grain crops, grain legumes, and cereal crops, of potato, sugar beet, vegetables, and feed crops. Due to impossibility of use of ecological tools, there is a necessity for the search for new ways of providing food security. In this research, economic mechanisms of managing food security in the system “production-consumption-import” are developed. The authors analyze the notion and meaning of economic mechanism, determine the current state of food security of modern Russia in the system “production-consumption-import” in comparison with other countries, and determine problems and perspectives of its increase. As a result of conducted analysis, the authors come to conclusion that current food situation in Russia is characterized with features of chronic lack of food and incapability or lack of wish of their authorities to solve this problem. Socio-economic state of agriculture does not ensure the economic accessibility of food products for all groups of population. As the key economic mechanisms for managing food security, this research offers the formation of growth poles, or economic cores, and creation of agricultural clusters.
Highlights
In the 21st century, the food problem is, without any doubt, the most important, sharp, and topical for all humanity
We offer the following definition: “Food security mechanism is a self-organizing system of economic agents with peculiar economic mechanisms and public institutes, typical for the whole system, which regulate the activities of economic agents”
The subjects of the food security system enter organizational & managerial interrelations which include development and implementation of agrarian policy, determination of rational list of members of technological chain “production-distribution-redistribution-consumption of agricultural products”, development of regulatory act which regulate the activities of economic agents, and setting the sizes and order of formation and use of food reserve
Summary
In the 21st century, the food problem is, without any doubt, the most important, sharp, and topical for all humanity. While at the beginning of new era, there were around 200-250 million people on the planet, and the first billion was reached 2000 years later, the second billion was reached 100 years later, and the fifth – 20 years later. Annual growth of population is estimated to be 90 million people, and, according to the UN data, in 30 years, the population of the planet will reach 8.5 billion, and in 100 years – 14.4 billion people. This aggravates the food problem, and, on the other hand, strengthens serious load on the natural environment, the main components of which are means of production and subjects of labor for agrarian sector of economy (Jacknowitz et al, 2015)
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