Economic Impact And SafetY of Same-Day Discharge Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Tertiary-Care Centre Experience From Northern India (EASY-SDD)

Abstract

BackgroundThe literature about the safety and feasibility of same-day discharge (SDD) following complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is scarce. The economic impact of SDD has not been evaluated in this geographical region. We in the present study evaluated the safety, feasibility, and economic impact of SDD following PCI at a tertiary care centre of north India. MethodsIt was a single-centre, non-randomized, prospective study, in which all consecutive PCI patients during the study period of 15 months were evaluated for SDD using a “patient-centred” approach. The patients who were discharged on the next calendar day were included in the next day discharge (NDD) group. The baseline demographic data including coronary risk factors, clinical presentation, and management details were noted for all patients. All patients were followed up for 6 weeks. The Indian health system is only partially insured, hence most of the expendable costs are borne by patients. In the present study, we computed the total societal expenditure of each PCI which includes both the health system costs and the expenditure borne by the patients. A standardized tool and bottoms up costing method were used for recording out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) by the patients and health care expenditure respectively. ResultsOut of a total of 675 PCI patients, 617 patients were enrolled in the study, and 132/617 (21.39%) patients were discharged the same day. Sixty-five % of patients (86/132) in the SDD cohort and 70% of patients (337/485) in the NDD cohort presented with ACS. Baseline characteristics in the two cohorts were identical. A higher syntax score, greater number of stents, and longer stented segment predicted the NDD. The mean length of stay after PCI in patients with SDD and NDD was 8.71 ± 2.48 and 21.76 ± 2.42 h, respectively. In the SDD group, there were no readmissions or adverse events after discharge till 6 weeks of follow-up. The total mean cost of PCI (health care system and OOPE) for SDD and NDD was Indian Rupees (INR) 129,322.14 [United States dollar (US$) 1810.51] and INR 165500.71 [US$ 2317.01] respectively. An amount of INR 36178.57 (health system cost: INR 10242.76 and OOPE: INR 25935.71 was saved for each SDD. Besides 100 cardiac unit bed days including 85 intensive cardiac care bed days were saved with 21% SDD in the present cohort. ConclusionPost PCI SDD is safe and feasible in selected ACS/chronic stable angina patients using the “patient-centred” approach. Besides, decreasing OOPE for the patients, SDD also helps in the efficient use of scarce health system resources.