Abstract
The demand for a new concept of heritage, in which monuments and landscapes are considered active factors in creating a sense of history, is esteemed not only from a scientific and academic perspective, but as well as part of a more sensitive and efficient strategy to link cultural heritage and tourism, by bringing an integrative perspective to the forefront. Implementing such strategies is strictly correlated with the ability to support decision-makers and to increase people’s awareness towards a more comprehensive approach to heritage preservation. In the present work, a robust socioeconomic impact model is presented. Moreover, this work attempts to create an initial link between the economic impacts and natural hazards induced by the changes in the climatic conditions that cultural heritage sites face. The model’s novel socioeconomic impact analysis is the direct and indirect revenues related to the tourism use of a site, on which local economies are strongly correlated. The analysis indicated that cultural heritage sites provide a range of both market and non-market benefits to society. These benefits provide opportunities for policy interventions for the conservation of the cultural heritage sites and their promotion, but also to their protection against the impacts of climate change and natural disasters.
Highlights
Cultural heritage refers to tangible and intangible assets that constitute the legacy of physical artworks and intangible attributes of a society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and bestowed for the benefit of future generations [1]
Even if some cultural heritage assets are used for economic exploitation mainly through tourism, the overall approach for evaluating their economic values is different from other goods or services
The method applied here is restricted to the first two types of value because of the difficulties in quantifying the latter two types of value. The aim of this modification is to estimate the economic value of the cultural heritage sites that contribute to revenues by considering that there are no changes in the non-market and the cultural value of the sites
Summary
Cultural heritage refers to tangible and intangible assets that constitute the legacy of physical artworks and intangible attributes of a society that are inherited from past generations, maintained in the present and bestowed for the benefit of future generations [1]. Even when visitors are charged to enter a cultural heritage site, the fact is that the access fees are not related to its true value, not even, at least, to the economic cost for providing access to or for maintaining the site This means that non-market valuation methods should be used to determine the value that people assign to cultural heritage sites by visiting, using and conserving them [2]. The need to substantially classify the importance of heritage assets in terms of their historical, aesthetic, educational, artistic and economic contribution has motivated an ever-increasing application of valuation methods. These methods should be able to assess the monetary values for the protection and management of heritage from a societal point of view, which in turn could be used in heritage project appraisal and decision making
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