Economic and biological evaluation of spring rape varieties and hybrids under conditions of the Kirov region

Abstract

In recent years there has been a tendency in the Russian Federation to increase the area under rapeseed, the area of which is constantly expanding. Research on economic and biological evaluation of spring rape varieties and hybrids was carried out in one of the farms of the Kirov region. Promising varieties and hybrids were studied under comparative aspect in production conditions. The seeds field germination was studied, the safety of the plants by the time of harvesting was determined. The duration of interphase and vegetation periods of the promising varieties and hybrids of spring rape was estimated, the yield of their seeds was compared. Analysis of the productivity structure elements of these varieties and hybrids is presented. In the experiment spring rape varieties Heros, Campino, Yarilo, obtained under farm conditions and having appropriate quality documents, and the first generation hybrids Joy, Jazz, Hephaestus, Joker, Jerome, Jerry were sown. When assessing the duration of the vegetation period, it was found that all the samples by biological rhythms fit into the vegetation period of the Kirov region and belong to the medium-maturing group. Field germination of the studied varieties and hybrids on average during the years of the study ranged from 48.8 to 75.8%. On average for 2 years, the highest field germination was observed in the first generation hybrids Joker and Hephaestus (75.8 and 69.1%, respectively). Preservation of plants for harvesting higher than the control (84%), on average for 2 years was observed in the varieties Campino and Yarilo. In terms of seed yield, hybrids Jerry F1 (16.7 c/ha) and Joker F1 (16.2) and the variety Yarilo (16.3 c/ha) significantly outperformed the control (15.5 c/ha). Hybrids Joy (450), Joker (482) and the variety Yarilo (459) reliably surpassed the control (358) by the number of pods on one plant on average for 2 years.