Abstract
As the literature on the economic abuse of women in Arabic contexts is quite limited, we aimed to detect the correlation between this economic abuse and a variety of demographic variables. Specifically, we considered women’s age, education, income, number of children, and length of marriage, as well as the husband’s education and employment status. We distributed questionnaires that included the economic, psychological, and community composite abuse scales to 500 married working women in the capital of Amman, Jordan. The results revealed that the economic abuse of women decreased as their education levels and length of marriage increased, as long as the husband worked full-time. In addition, a husband’s high education level would also increase the likelihood of economic abuse. Most importantly, the findings showed that economic abuse definitively heightened the probability of intimate partner violence (psychological, emotional, and physical abuse, as well as harassment).
Highlights
Article 1 of the UN General Assembly’s (2006) study defined violence against women or based on gender as any act of gender-b ased violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual, or psychological harm, or women’s suffering
To determine the correlation between economic abuse and other patterns of abuse, in addition to the correlation between economic abuse and demographic variables, we employed a Kendall correlation coefficient analysis for the ordinal samples (Kendall’stau_b), as it is the appropriate method for such ordinal data and produces results that realize the study’s objectives
We found no statistically significant correlation (p ≤ .05) between the economic abuse of women and each of the following demographic variables: wife’s age, monthly family income, and number of children
Summary
Article 1 of the UN General Assembly’s (2006) study defined violence against women or based on gender as any act of gender-b ased violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual, or psychological harm, or women’s suffering. All forms have negative and grievous health, mental, and physical consequences on women, including increased absenteeism from work and mobility/movement restrictions, both of which reduce productivity and income This council indicated that economic violence against women deprives them from being active as economic resources or taking part in financial decisions that influence their lives, affecting their future and rendering them entirely dependent on others. Economic violence against women occurs when the abuser has total dominance over the victim’s properties, resources, economic activity, and family financial affairs, and makes decisions irrespective of their combined financial situation This would restrict women’s capacities, as they are fully dependent on the aggressor for their personal needs, which leaves them with a degrading alternative of being forced to beg for money (Fawole, 2008). Exposure to sexual harassment increases the chances of a woman belonging to this type of household (Bettio & Ticci, 2017)
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