Ecology and Distribution of Collemiform Lichens in the Southern Part of the Russian Far East

Abstract

Environmentally related patterns of the occurrence of 14 collemiform lichen species (Collema s. l. sensu Degel.: C. (Rostania) callibotrys var. callibotrys Tuck., C. complanatum Hue, С. (Enchylium) conglomeratum var. conglomeratum Hoffm., C. (Arctomia) fasciculare var. fasciculare (L.) Weber ex F. H. Wigg., C. japonicum (Mull. Arg.) Hue, C. leptaleum var. leptaleum Tuck., С. (Enchylium) ligerinum (Hy) Harm., C. nepalense Degel., C. pulcellum var. pulcelllum Ach., С. (Enchylium) pycnocarpum Nyl. (=C. conglomeratum var. crassiusculum (Malme) Degel.), C. shiroumanum var. shiroumanum Rasanen, C. subconveniens Nyl., C. subflaccidum Degel., and C. substipitatum var. substipitatum Zahlbr.) on the trunks of various tree species in different forest types have been analyzed, as has their distribution in the southern part of the Russian Far East. The maximum species diversity of collemiform lichens is observed on the oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb.) and linden (Tilia mandshurica Rupr. et Maxim., T. amerensis Rupr.) trees (10 and 9 species, respectively), while the minimum diversity is observed on broadleaved trees with a smooth and thin bark. The oak–broadleaved and coniferous–broadleaved (with Pinus koraiensis Siebold et Zucc.) forests meet the ecological requirements of collemiform lichens in the best way; in these forests, 8 and 11 lichen species have been registered, respectively. The three most thermophilic oceanic species, C. complanatum, C. japonicum, and C. subconveniens, have been found only on the coast of the Sea of Japan in the narrow zone of the direct monsoon influence.