Abstract
Ecological suitability assessment is an effective approach to identify and locate the most suitable territories for future development in order to reduce the negative impacts of human activities on the ecosystem for ensuring sustainable development. The study aimed to propose a future direction for sustainable use of natural resources at the district level in Bac Kan province based on the ecological suitability evaluation approach and the trade-off technique. This study firstly applied the Delphi method to identify significant ecological resistance indicators for assessing ecological elements, importance, and resilience, which characterize the resistance of ecological structures, ecological functions, and ecological dynamics to construction and development, respectively. Then, an integrated ecological resistance model was applied to classify ecological suitability for construction and development. Moreover, spatial analysis and trade-off technique were applied to assign a development zone and propose future directions at provincial and district levels in Bac Kan province. The results revealed that the most dominant ecological suitability class for construction and development is the moderately suitable class, and it accounts for about 1948 km2 or 40.30% of the total area. In addition, five development zones were assigned at the provincial level, whereas three future directions for sustainable use of natural resources were proposed at the district level. In a nutshell, the research methodology framework in this study can be used as a guideline to land managers and planners for ecological suitability assessment in Vietnam.
Highlights
Sustainable development is currently one of the most critical tasks in many countries
The ultimate goal of this study is to provide the direction for sustainable use of natural resources in Bac Kan province by applying the ecological suitability evaluation approach with the trade-off technique
By model considering theinstructural importance, dynamicentity adaptability composed of its structure, function and dynamics resistance to construction and development of natural ecosystems under the integrated ecological resistance (IER) model, this study provides a comprehensive framework to activities
Summary
Sustainable development is currently one of the most critical tasks in many countries. Sustainable development in Vietnam faces many obstacles due to the difficulty of socio-economic conditions and policies as well as the limitation of qualified managers and lack of awareness from local people [1]. Vietnam was one of the top nations for gross tree cover loss at the beginning of the 21st century [3]. According to a report of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in 2005, Vietnam has the second highest rate of deforestation of primary forests [4]. Reforestation/afforestation has increased in Vietnam, deforestation and forest degradation continue [5]. Many areas after deforestation have been converted to construction sites and agriculture land for perennial trees or food
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