Abstract
Constructing the ecological security pattern is imperative to stabilize ecosystem services and sustainable development coordination of the social economy and ecology. This paper focuses on the Karst region in southeastern Yunnan, which is ecologically fragile. This paper selects the main types of ecosystem services and identifies the ecological source using hot spot analysis for Guangnan County. An inclusive consideration of the regional ecologic conditions and the rocky desertification formation mechanism was made. The resistance factor index system was developed to generate the basic resistance surface modified by the ecological sensitivity index. The Ant algorithm and Kernel density analysis were used to determine ecological corridor range and ecological restoration points that constructed the ecological security pattern of Guangnan County. The results demonstrated that, firstly, there were twenty-three sources in Guangnan County, with a total area of 1292.77 km2, accounting for 16.74% of the total. The forests were the chief ecological sources distributed in the non-Karst area, where Bamei Town, Yangliujing Township and Nasa Town had the highest distribution. Secondly, the revised resistance value is similar to “Zhe (Zhetu Township)-Lian (Liancheng Town)-Yang (Yangliujing Township)-Ban (Bambang Township)”. The values were lower in the north and higher in the south, which is consistent with the regional distribution of Karst. Thirdly, the constructed ecological security pattern of the “Source-Corridor-Ecological restoration point” paradigm had twenty-three ecological corridors. The chief ecological and potential corridor areas were 804.95 km2 and 621.2 km2, respectively. There are thirty-eight ecological restoration points mainly distributed in the principal ecological corridors and play a vital role in maintaining the corridor connectivity between sources. The results provide guidance and theoretical basis for the ecological security patterns construction in Karst areas, regional ecologic security protection and sustainable development promotion.
Highlights
In the 21st century, with the continuous advancement of urbanization, issues such as over-exploitation and inefficient land resources utilization, human-land relationship deterioration and spatial land-use pattern confusion [1,2,3,4,5] are becoming graver in karst area, which seriously threatens the coordinated development of regional ecological environment and social economy under the background of economic globalization [6]
This paper identifies the dominant patches of critical ecosystem services as the ecological source using hot spot analysis and constructs the resistance index system under the specific background of the Karst area, revised as per the ecological sensitivity index
For a typical Karst area in southeastern Yunnan, this paper focuses on Guangnan
Summary
In the 21st century, with the continuous advancement of urbanization, issues such as over-exploitation and inefficient land resources utilization, human-land relationship deterioration and spatial land-use pattern confusion [1,2,3,4,5] are becoming graver in karst area, which seriously threatens the coordinated development of regional ecological environment and social economy under the background of economic globalization [6]. Ensuring regional ecologic security to achieve sustainable development is a common problem faced by karst regions worldwide [7]. In this context, Ecological Security Pattern has gradually become an effective way to solve the problem.
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