Abstract
The various ecological processes of human beings are not only restricted by the landscape pattern on the regional scale but also affect the local and regional landscape together with global climate change. To date, most of the research on ecological security is based on the pressure‐state‐response (PSR) model, while there were a few studies based on the landscape ecology model approach. In addition, there has been little literature focus on the dynamic change process of ecological security, especially the simulation and prediction of the future development trend of ecological security. The purpose of this research is to establish a landscape ecological security evaluation method based on grid division, be aimed at breaking the inherent drawbacks of the administrative region as a unit mode approach, anticipated to better reflect the landscape ecological security status of the study area. A complex framework was constructed by integrating random forest algorithm, Fishnet model, landscape ecology model, and CA‐Markov model. Multitemporal remote sensing data were selected as a data source, and land use maps of the study area were obtained through the random forest machine learning algorithm firstly. And then, the study area is divided into 307 grids of 2 km × 2 km using the Fishnet model. Next, the landscape disturbance index, landscape vulnerability index, and landscape loss index are used on the grid scale to establish a landscape ecological security evaluation model. Finally, ecological security assessment of Zhengzhou city was carried out, and the distribution map of the landscape ecological status in 1986, 1996, 2006, 2016, and predicted for 2026 was obtained. The results of the study showed that, as time goes by, the areas with high ecological safety gradually decrease. It is predicted that by 2026, the ecological security level of Zhengzhou will be dominated by lower ecological security areas. The research results can provide basic information and decision support for government agencies and land use planners to ensure responsible and sustainable development of the urban environment and ecology.
Highlights
Landscape ecology evaluates the ecological security status of a certain area through the landscape index and landscape pattern, which can provide hierarchical and integrated information data for the multiscale study of ecosystem functions [1]
The selected four remote sensing (RS) images of Zhengzhou city were input to the Random forest (RF) classifier model to obtain classification maps of corresponding date over Zhengzhou city (Figure 3)
The total classification accuracy (OA) and Kappa coefficient were assessed with the help of selected ground truth
Summary
Landscape ecology evaluates the ecological security status of a certain area through the landscape index and landscape pattern, which can provide hierarchical and integrated information data for the multiscale study of ecosystem functions [1]. Landscape pattern and its corresponding changes are a comprehensive reflection of the ecological environment in a certain area due to the interaction of various factors such as natural and human factors. Landscape pattern affects the regional ecological process [3] as well for the type, shape, size, quantity, and spatial combination of landscape patches are the interaction of various disturbing factors. Researches on regional landscape pattern can effectively reveal ecological status and its corresponding spatial changes. Constructing an ecological security evaluation and analytics model by quantitative evaluation of regional landscape ecological index has certain advantages in the research of regional ecosystem security [5, 6]
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