ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF LUTSK TOWN AND PROSPECTS TO RAISE IT

Abstract

The results of the study of the current level of ecological safety in Lutsk are presented. There is a close relationship between environmental safety, environmental status and environmental issues. The main factors of formation of ecological situation in the town are analyzed: emissions of pollutants, discharges of sewage, formation of waste and their influence on pollution of atmospheric air, surface and ground waters, soils. Quantified their value. The main sources have been identified. Ranked them by the degree of danger. The coverage of the territory of the town by the network of ecological monitoring is considered. Institutional affiliation of monitoring programs has been established.The coverage of economic entities by permits for emissions, discharges and waste generation is analyzed. Estimated total effluents water discharge to surface water bodies, discharge of normatively treated effluents water, insufficiently treated effluents water, and cases of high water pollution. The level of atmospheric air pollution, its dynamics, the structure of pollutant emissions in the context of stationary and mobile sources were also evaluated individual enterprises. The results of observations of radioactive air pollution have also been analyzed. The current state of waste management in the town is estimated. The structure of the outputs and the dynamics of their formation are determined.The most acute environmental problems of Lutsk are highlighted. Among them, the most important are the need for overhaul and reconstruction of obsolete effluents treatment plants, worn out and emergency water and sewerage networks, and the need for the construction of new drainage networks. Also important is the development of a new solid waste management scheme with maximum implementation of separate waste collection and the introduction of a new, more powerful waste sorting line at the landfill for solid waste in the Bryshe village. It is also necessary to combat the mudding and clogging of streams and ponds within the town to prevent degradation of natural systems and the loss of recreational attractions by water bodies. Traditionally important for the Lutsk town is the prevention of reduction of the amount of green space due to the active development of the town, the mass destruction of diseases and pests of the main types of green space in the town, the spread of adventitious, invasive plants. In recent years, a new problem has emerged that has significantly worsened the living conditions of the town's population: odor. It extends to the southwest and south of the town. The town government and the public are making great efforts to identify its sources and address the problem of stink in the city.The urban ecological programs, their effectiveness and resource provision are analyzed. The town has a comprehensive Program of environmental protection of the town of Lutsk for 2018-2020. It is approved by the decision of the town council. The program provides for the allocation of funding (state, regional, city budgets, own funds of enterprises, institutions, organizations, credit funds) for environmental protection activities. The town also carried out an investment project with the administration of the Lippe region (Germany) "Environmental Friendship over the Borders".Measures to increase the level of environmental safety of the town in the context of protection and rational use of water resources, protection of atmospheric air, waste management of production and life, protection and conservation of flora and fauna, nature reserve fund are considered.