Abstract
The aim of the study is to reveal and classify ecological risks for steppe nature management as well as to suggest the ways to overcome them. The following methods were used: historical, cartographical, logic and field landscape researches, Earth Sensing data, the author's method of an expert ecological-economical assessment of steppe etalons and secondary steppes. The main ecological risks making influence on the condition of steppe land and biological resources are detected and classified for an agrarian and industrially developed steppe region. The conception of an “antiecological” framework is developed. The system of the most substantial risks is highlighted, recommendations to minimize these risks are offered.
Highlights
The industrially developed Orenburgskaya oblast (124 000 km2) is located in the central part of the Eurasia’s steppe zone; on the south it surrounds the Ural Mountains
We consider ecological risks in an industrially developed steppe region as some factors threatening with hard reversible negative changes of steppe landscapes, their lands and biological resources
We offer a classification of ecological risks marking out two main groups
Summary
The industrially developed Orenburgskaya oblast (124 000 km2) is located in the central part of the Eurasia’s steppe zone; on the south it surrounds the Ural Mountains. A crossing of the Ural mountainous-plain country and the steppe zone conditioned a wide range and wealth of natural resources, including land, that had promoted an active agrarian and industrial development of the area beginning the middle part of XVIII century. In spite of the industrial and agrarian recession in 1990-s, values of the agricultural development are restored on the whole: croppage was stabilized on the level of 3-3.5 million ton in year, the figures of sunflower sowing are increasing annually and has already exceeded the level that had been in the USSR. Capital investments in mineral resources extraction, including open-cut mining, have been increased for last years – a number of open-cast mines and dumps is increasing too
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