Abstract
The article tells about the risks of low-culture construction of oil facilities on the Arctic shelf. The long-term, practically neglected exploitation of the unique natural resources of the Russian North and the low culture of their development led in a number of its regions, including the waters of the Arctic seas with islands, to an emergency ecological situation - the partial and sometimes complete destruction of the fragile Arctic natural habitat of the small peoples of the North and the created cities and villages. Without proper environmental support, economic activities continue in the field of extraction, transportation and processing of natural resources. The progressive pollution of rivers and lakes leads to a qualitative depletion of water resources - a change in the composition of the waters of the Arctic Ocean. The danger of oil pollution of the marine environment is associated with plans for its production on the continental shelf of the Russian Federation. The oil and gas production complex in the Russian Arctic regions are being formed on the basis of already discovered fields and will develop as other promising fields are developed.
Highlights
The Arctic, in comparison with other regions of the planet and densely populated regions of the Russian Federation, remains relatively clean
An impact region is understood as a territorial complex of ecosystems of different spatial and temporal scales located near a point source of emission of pollutants and exposed to a local toxic load from this source
The construction of oil and gas production facilities on land, shelf and in the ocean is associated with a huge range of risks to harm the environment
Summary
The Arctic, in comparison with other regions of the planet and densely populated regions of the Russian Federation, remains relatively clean. The extremely high ecological vulnerability of the Arctic is due to the intensive (especially over the last [40-60] years) development of its resources with the creation of large mining, mining and metallurgical, oil and gas production complexes To this is added the long-term functioning of the nuclear test site on Novaya Zemlya, underground nuclear explosions for industrial purposes, the disposal of liquid and solid radioactive waste, as well as the peculiarity of the migration of chemical elements in the circumpolar region of our planet. The Arctic is distinguished by a high vulnerability of the natural environment to anthropogenic impact and a slow rate of restoration of disturbed natural objects (natural ecosystems, landscapes). This macroregion is more susceptible to climate change than others. The AZRF, especially the regions and nodes of intensive technogenic development and the formation of full-fledged territorial-production complexes, are under powerful anthropogenic and technogenic impact
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