Ecological plasticity and stability of spelt wheat samples under Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe conditions

Abstract

The studies were carried out on the experimental field of Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture in Krasnoyarsk open forest-steppe in 2012-2014. The agrometeorological conditions of the crop season during the years of research developed in contrast: from arid in 2012 (GTC - 0.84) to excessively wet in 2013 (GTC - 2.20), which led to significant variation in yield. The study of samples of naked and aristulate spelt wheat in comparison with the standard variety of durum spring wheat Omskaya Stepnaya (Omsk region) in terms of ecological plasticity and stability made it possible to isolate valuable samples for further selection. In terms of yield among naked spelt wheat, samples from Leningrad region are of greatest interest: L 133*Protein is 246.33 g/m2, L 196/3 L-13 is 271.16 g/m2, L 133*Pkk is 249.17 g/m2. From filmy emmer wheat, the varieties Belka (Leningrad Region) (472.00 g/m2) and Runo (Krasnodar Territory) (407.25 g/m2) exceeded the standard for this indicator. In breeding varieties of spelt wheat a sample of naked spelt wheat - L 71/10 (Leningrad region) can be used as a source as it is the most responsive variety to improving growing conditions (intensive background); and when creating varieties with stable yields, durum spring wheat Omskaya stepnaya (Omsk region) can be used as a source.