Ecological human health risk in aluminum producing areas of Baikal region

Abstract

The 2017 list of Russian cities with the highest level of air pollution included 21 cities, 7 of which (30%) are located in the Irkutsk region. Among them are large industrial centers of non-ferrous metallurgy - Shelekhov and Bratsk. The purpose of the article is to assess the health risk for the population living in the aluminum producing areas (Shelekhov, Irkutsk region). The health risk was assessed on the basis of G 2.1.10.1920-04 using modern sanitary and hygienic standards. Air quality in 2007-2017 and load on the urban population inhaling polluted air (inhalation route) were determined. Two groups of hazardous effects were identified. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were distinguished. Individual inhalation risks were calculated and hazardous substances were identified. The total carcinogenic risk exceeds an acceptable level and is mainly due to inhalation of formaldehyde and chromium (46.7% and 52.3%, respectively). The chronic non-carcinogenic risk is due to the suspended substances, formaldehyde and benzopyrene inhalation. The non-cancerogenic effect of air on the respiratory organs, the immune system and eye pathology is crucial. The article suggests measures (implementation of advanced production technologies, reconstruction of heating systems, etc.) to prevent hazardous risks.