Abstract
Cities economy is an important pattern for the region to realize the transition of sustainable development. Scientific evaluation of the development of economy is the decision-making foundation to further promote sustainable development. This paper provides an integrated study on the ecological account of Zhoushan city economy with the data from 1995 to 2010 based on emergy synthesis theory. Through evaluating environment and economic inputs within and outside the Zhoushan economy, the Zhoushan’s resource structure, economics situation and trade status and its sustainability are discussed based on a series of emergy indicators. In this study we used five types of emergy indicators or ratios to assess the sustainability of system, Emergy Intensity (Els), Economic Efficiency, Environmental Efficiency, Emergy Sustainability Index and Source Diversity. The energy value per unit area of Zhoushan City increased from 4.51E+11 sej/m2 in 1995 to 1.46E+12 sej/m2 in 2010, with an average annual growth rate of 12%, which was 3.2 times that of 1995. During the 12-year study period, the per capita emergy value in Zhoushan increased from 1.02E+16 sej/person in 1995 to 3.36E+16 sej/person in 2010, which was 3.29 times that of 1995. Zhoushan’s emergy currency ratio dropped from 1.13E+21 sej / $ in 1995 to 3.41E+20 sej / $ in 2010. The emergy output rate of Zhoushan City dropped from 14.18 in 1995 to 12.99 in 2010, indicating that the economic system needs more emergy flows to provide enough goods and services for the society. The Environmental Loading Ratio (ELR) increased rapidly from 0.10 in 1995 to 1.80 in 2010. The emergy sustainability index (ESI) of Zhoushan was declined from 145.11 in 1995 to 7.23 in 2010. The source diversity of Zhoushan was increased during the period 1995-2010, with the highest value of 0.7284 in 2007 and lowest of 0.5114 in 2000. These emergy based indexes are calculated here in order to provide a deeper understanding of complexity growth or decline in Zhoushan city.
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