Abstract
In the world no more than 0.1-0.5% of over 10% of complex technical products are removed from circulation (written off) annually due to the weight wear of machine parts. Financial, energy, labour, material and natural resources spent on their production are used by less than 1%. General environmental pollution, obtained in the manufacture of these products, exceeds their weight by 100-150 times. To compensate the wear of used technical products during restoration, the material of not more than 1% of their weight is required. Energy, labour, financial and other costs, as well as the amount of technological work (taking into account the extraction of natural resources) are ten times less as compared with their production from primary material. Therefore, environmental pollution is also less by one or two orders of magnitude. Renovation of used products instead of manufacturing the same new ones allows: 1. To save over 95% of energy, labour, material and non-renewable natural resources previously spent on them. 2. To increase multiply the service life of products while maintaining their nominal parameters. 3. To reduce environmental pollution manifold. Renovative technologies do not require significant investments, since they are almost indistinguishable from traditional industrial processing methods and can be implemented on existing, often unloaded, production facilities. The renovation cost does not exceed 30% of a new product cost. This is the most effective technical, economic and ecological concept of preserving environment today, which is persistently ignored at the production and technical, national, educational, domestic and even scientific level. Utilization of used technical products, which has high environmental expectations, requires additional natural, and in the first place, energy resources, and it is accompanied by a loss of materials up to 60%. Taking into account the annual write-off of more than 10% of the production of various complex technical products (cars - up to 20%, disposable items – up to 100%), mass renovation will reduce world extraction of natural non-renewable resources by over 10% and further overall environmental pollution will also be reduced. High ecological, technical and economic efficiency of renovation is so obvious and relevant, that it deserves the priority development of national and international resource-saving programs for renovation of technical products in terms of integrated development and conservation of the Earth interior.
Highlights
The characteristic features of the modern society development are: 1) Progressing consumption of non-renewable primary natural resources; 2) Steady trend in the production of disposable products with the lowest ecological compatibility, since they have a small service life absorbing a significant amount of primary materials and energy
In the industry up to 40% of all smelted ferrous metals and one-third of nonferrous metals and plastics are spent on spare parts
At the present stage of the production development the renovation of used products to replace the production of the same new ones saves over 95% of energy, labour, material and non-renewable natural resources previously spent on them, at the same time the service life of products is increased multiply with preservation of their nominal parameters and pollution is reduced tenfold
Summary
The characteristic features of the modern society development are: 1) Progressing consumption of non-renewable primary natural resources; 2) Steady trend in the production of disposable products with the lowest ecological compatibility, since they have a small service life absorbing a significant amount of primary materials and energy. Over 80% of worn-out parts suitable for effective renovation are thrown away irretrievably or partially recycled, wherein more than half of the metal is lost It is especially typical for automotive, agricultural and road engineering, which is repaired in small unprofessional workshops, mainly replacing worn parts. Is necessary to reduce multiply the material capacity and energy intensity of technical products and reduce the extraction of minerals It is impossible, because in the near future, humanity will not be able to abandon primary natural resources. The consumption of non-renewable natural resources is the main cause of environmental pollution, which is many times greater than the localization capabilities of our planet.
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